Observe, analyze, generalize, and explain using examples including nets, the relationships between area, surface area, and volume.

Observe, analyze, and compare volume and capacity using examples.

Critique the statement: "Volume and capacity represent the same attribute to measure so the same units of measure can be used for either volume or capacity".

Identify and describe situations in which given SI or imperial volume or capacity units would be used.

Justify and compare the choice of personal referents for surface area, volume, and capacity measurements in both SI and imperial units, (e.g., The bottom half of a two-litre carton of milk has a capacity of one litre, a surface area of 500 cm² or if a top was added to make a prism it would have a surface area of 600 cm² and a volume of about 1000 cm³, or the volume of a box for hockey helmets is approximately 1 ft³ [1800 in³] and the surface area is about 6 ft² [900 in²]).

Justify and apply strategies including use of personal referents to estimate the surface area and volume of 3-D objects, and the capacity of containers.

Solve situational questions that involve:

• the volume of 3-D objects and composite 3-D objects in a variety of contexts
• the capacity of containers.

Convert given volume, surface area, and capacity measurements:

• expressed in one SI unit to another SI unit (including units squared and units cubed)
• expressed in one imperial unit to another imperial unit (including units squared and units cubed).

Determine the surface area and volume of prisms, cones, cylinders, pyramids, spheres, and composite 3-D objects, using a variety of measuring tools such as rulers, tape measures, callipers, and micrometers and explain the strategy used including the manipulation of formulae.

Determine the capacity of prisms, cones, pyramids, spheres, and cylinders, using a variety of measuring tools and methods, such as graduated cylinders, measuring cups, measuring spoons, and displacement and explain the strategy used.

Analyze and generalize the relationship between the volumes of:

• cones and cylinders with the same base and height
• pyramids and prisms with the same base and height.

Analyze and illustrate, using examples, the effect of dimensional changes on area, surface area, and volume.

Solve using a variety of strategies, including the manipulation of formulae, situational questions that involve:

• the surface area of 3-D objects, including spheres
• the volume of 3-D objects, including composite 3-D objects
• the capacity of containers.